Influenza / Flu

Overview

Influenza (flu) is a common viral respiratory infection that comes on abruptly with fever, prominent body ache, headache, tiredness, cough and sore throat. Most people recover within a week with rest and fluids, but flu can cause pneumonia and serious illness in older adults, pregnant women, young children and people with long-term conditions. Annual vaccination helps prevent it.

Symptoms

• Abrupt high fever with chills.
• Severe body ache and headache.
• Tiredness and weakness, often pronounced.
• Dry cough and sore throat.
• Runny or blocked nose.
• Sometimes diarrhoea and vomiting (more so in children).

Evaluation

Diagnosis is usually clinical during flu season. Testing (rapid flu test or PCR) is used when the result will change management — for example in high-risk people or severe illness. A chest examination and, where indicated, a chest X-ray check for pneumonia.

Management

Most flu is managed with rest, hydration and fever-reducing medicine. Antiviral medicines can shorten the illness and reduce complications when started early, especially in high-risk people. Antibiotics are not used unless a bacterial complication such as pneumonia develops. Annual flu vaccination is recommended for high-risk groups.

Warning signs — seek urgent care

• Breathlessness, chest pain or bluish lips.
• Persistent high fever or fever that returns after improving.
• Confusion, drowsiness or seizures.
• Severe dehydration or worsening despite care.
• Worsening of an existing condition such as asthma or diabetes.

How we help

Dr. Nayak distinguishes flu from other viral and bacterial illnesses, uses antivirals appropriately in high-risk cases, watches for complications, and advises on vaccination. Consultations are available in-clinic in Bhubaneswar and over teleconsultation.

Related conditions and patient concerns

• Viral Fever
• COVID-19 and Respiratory Viral Illness
• Fever with Cough
• Fever with Body Ache
• Respiratory & Breathing Problems
• Fever